Y1 · X · #13Nomenclature

Nomenclature – inorganic acids

Introduction

Acids are everywhere in chemistry — from the HCl in your stomach to the H₂SO₄ in car batteries. To talk about them clearly, chemists need a consistent naming system. As IUPAC itself emphasises, one of the main jobs of a global naming system is to make names unambiguous and consistent across the whole scientific community (Talbot, p.172). This lesson focuses on how we name inorganic acids — a small but important corner of that system.

Two Main Types of Inorganic Acids

Inorganic acids split into two families, and each has its own naming pattern.

1. Binary (hydracids) — no oxygen

These acids are made of hydrogen plus one other (usually non-metal) element. The naming pattern is:

hydro- + (element stem) + -ic acid

Examples:

HCl → hydrochloric acid
HBr → hydrobromic acid
H₂S → hydrosulfuric acid

Notice: when these compounds are dissolved in water and acting as acids, they get the "hydro-...-ic acid" treatment. (As a pure gas, HCl is

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Source excerpts

From Chemistry for the IB Diploma 3e · Talbot

p.687relevance 15.7

675Index nickel 192 nitrates 92, 136 nitrogen 29, 60, 244 nitrogen dioxide 244, 367 nitrogen oxides 367 noble gases 131 nomenclature 160, 250, 277, 379–80 non-directional bonding 114 non-linear graphs 452–3 non-metals 4, 61–2 non-polar molecules 146 non-spontaneous processes 386, 405 Nord Stream 2 pipeline 369 nuclear charge 57, 231, 235 nuclear forces 26 nuclear magnetic reson…

p.172relevance 14.9

S2: Models of bonding and structure 160 TOK What is the role of nomenclature and terminology in the chemical community? The role of IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) is interesting to consider in relation to theory of knowledge. One of the primary roles of IUPAC is to recommend: unambiguous, uniform, and consistent nomenclature and terminology for specif…

p.289relevance 12.8

S3.2 Functional groups: classification of compounds 277 Nomenclature of organic compounds To clearly identify organic molecules, a systematic method of naming has been developed by IUPAC (the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). In the IUPAC system of nomenclature, the names of organic molecules correlate with their structures and have three parts determined as s…

p.275relevance 12.1

S3.2 Functional groups: classification of compounds 263 Functional groups: classification of compoundsS3.2 • How does the classification of organic molecules help us to predict their properties? Guiding question SYLLABUS CONTENT By the end of this chapter, you should understand that:  organic compounds can be represented by different types of formulas; these include empirical,…